THE EAGLE AND THE LION: PORTUGUESE RESTORATION WAR
THE ROOTS OF THE PORTUGUESE RESTORATION WAR CAN BE TRACED BACK TO 1580, WHEN KING PHILIP II OF SPAIN ASCENDED TO THE PORTUGUESE THRONE, ESTABLISHING THE IBERIAN UNION. THIS UNION BROUGHT PORTUGAL UNDER SPANISH CONTROL AND SPARKED DISCONTENT AMONG THE PORTUGUESE PEOPLE. OVER TIME, RESENTMENT GREW, FUELED BY CULTURAL DIFFERENCES, ECONOMIC EXPLOITATION, AND THE SUPPRESSION OF PORTUGUESE POLITICAL AUTONOMY.
THE RESTORATION WAR BETWEEN PORTUGAL AND SPAIN BEGAN WITH THE PORTUGUESE REVOLUTION OF 1640 AND ENDED WITH THE TREATY OF LISBON IN 1668, BRINGING A FORMAL END TO THE IBERIAN UNION.
UNDER SECRETARY GENERALS: EREN KAZAN, İBRAHIM FURKAN GÜNLER